The purpose for the staging system is to help organize the different factors and some of the personality features of the cancer into categories, in order to select the treatment (because treatment depends on the stage of disease) and in addition, the classification makes it possible to describe the breast cancer staging, so that was understandable to all doctors all over the world. The results of treatment based on this stages can be compare.
Stage 0 (early stage)
Stage 0 is considered as a state used to describe non-invasive breast cancers. In stage 0, malignancy is localized in the breast tissue and there is no evidence of cancer cells or non-cancerous abnormal cells breaking out of the part of the breast, or of getting through to or invading neighboring normal tissue, and there are no signs of circulation to the lymph nodes.
Stage 1 describes invasive breast cancer, cancer cells are breaking through to or invading neighboring normal tissue) of breast cancer: Tumor size measures less than two centimeters, metastases to other organs and tissues are not available, no lymph nodes are involved.
Stage 2 breast cancer
described invasive breast cancer which is divided into subcategories known as 2A and 2B.Stage 2A - Tumor is less than 2 cm in cross section with the involvement of the lymph node, or tumor from 2 to 5 cm without involvement of axillary lymph nodes. There are also cases no tumor can be found in the breast, but cancer cells are found in the axillary lymph nodes (the lymph nodes under the arm),
Stage 2B - Tumor is larger than 5 cm in cross section when the result of axillary lymph nodes research is negative for cancer cells or tumor from 2 to 5 cm in diameter with the involvement of axillary lymph nodes.
Stage 3 Breast Cancer
Described the invasive late (metastatic) stages of breast cancer when cancer cells spread to the lymph nodes and other tissues and is divided into subcategories known as 3A, 3B, and 3C.
Stage 3A (local spread of breast cancer) - tumor more than 5 cm with spread to axillary lymph nodes, or tumor of any size with metastases in axillary lymph nodes, which are knitted to each other or with the surrounding tissues, OR tumor is larger than 5 centimeters and has spread to axillary lymph nodes that are clumped together or sticking to other structures, OR no tumor is found in the breast. Cancer is found in axillary lymph nodes that are clumped together or sticking to other structures, or cancer may have spread to lymph nodes near the breastbone.
Stage 3B - Tumor of any size has spread or metastases into the skin, chest wall or internal lymph nodes of mammary gland (located below the breast inside of chest). May have spread to axillary lymph nodes that are clustered together or adhering to other structures, or cancer may have spread to lymph nodes near the breastbone. Inflammatory breast cancer is considered at this stage.
Stage 3C - Tumor of any size with a more widespread metastases and involvement of more lymph nodes. The cancer has spread to lymph nodes above or below the collarbone, and may have spread to axillary lymph nodes or to lymph nodes near the breastbone. There may be no sign of cancer in the breast.
Stage Four Breast Cancer
An invasive breast cancer defined as the presence of tumors (regardless of the sizes), spread to parts of the body that are located far from the chest which can involve the bones, lungs, liver, brain or distant lymph nodes.
Metastatic cancer is considered as stage 4. "Metastatic at presentation" - the breast cancer has spread beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes, even though this is the first diagnosis of breast cancer. The reason for this is that the primary breast cancer was not found when it was only inside the breast.
Learn What Breast Cancer is and How to Deal with It.
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